Data Analysis and Method Selection in Academic Publications

The statistical methods applied in academic publications directly affect the 

reliability and reproducibility of research outcomes. An inappropriate choice 

may lead to misinterpretation of otherwise well-collected data.  

### 1. Key Factors in Method Selection

The research question, data structure, and hypotheses determine which 

statistical tests should be applied. For instance, parametric tests are 

preferable when assumptions are met, while non-parametric methods are 

better suited for small samples or non-normally distributed data.  

### 2. Reporting Results

When presenting results, researchers should report not only p-values but 

also effect sizes and confidence intervals. This enhances transparency and 

provides a more comprehensive understanding of the findings.  

### 3. Academic Ethics

Documenting every step of the analysis process supports ethical standards. 

The software, versions, and parameters used should always be reported to 

ensure scientific integrity.